Journal of Computing and Organizational Studies

Generative AI in Cross-Cultural Negotiations and International Business Communication Effectiveness: A Conceptual Framework and Research Agenda

Saif Matin Patel, Manoj Kamber

International deals rarely fail because of price alone; they fail because one side reads silence as agreement, the other reads directness as rudeness, and nobody notices until the contract is in trouble. Generative AI tools built on large language models are now used informally by managers to draft emails, translate proposals, prepare for negotiations, and rehearse difficult conversations. This paper asks whether these tools actually make cross-cultural business communication more effective or merely faster. We review the literatures on cross-cultural negotiation, intercultural communication, and large language models and synthesize them into a framework that explains when generative AI helps and when it quietly causes harm. We propose that AI adds the most value in language bridging, preparation, and tone calibration, and carries the most risk where meaning depends on context, relationship, and unspoken norms. The analysis leads to six propositions, a set of practical guidelines for managers, and a research agenda. The central argument is that generative AI works best as a cultural co-pilot that supports human judgment, not as a replacement for it.